feat(infra): Keycloak with mock DigiD/eHerkenning/eIDAS/medewerker realms (closes #3)

Add infra/keycloak/docker-compose.yml (Keycloak 26.1, dev mode, --import-realm)
with four realms imported at boot (infra/keycloak/realms/*.json): digid,
eherkenning, eidas, medewerker. Each has a public big-portal OIDC client
(standard flow + direct access grants) and test users; protocol mappers inject
the identifying claims (bsn / kvk / eidas_id) and medewerker realm roles.

Add `make keycloak-up/keycloak-smoke/keycloak-down`; keycloak-smoke runs
infra/keycloak/check_realms.py (password-grant login per realm, asserts the
claim). Document credentials in docs/synthetic-data.md and a runbook.

Verified: `make keycloak-smoke` green — all four realms log in and return the
expected claims (bsn 123456782, kvk 12345678, eidas_id FR/NL..., role behandelaar).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

infra/keycloak/realms/digid-realm.json

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "realm": "digid",
+  "enabled": true,
+  "displayName": "Mock DigiD",
+  "clients": [
+    {
+      "clientId": "big-portal",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "publicClient": true,
+      "standardFlowEnabled": true,
+      "directAccessGrantsEnabled": true,
+      "redirectUris": ["*"],
+      "webOrigins": ["*"],
+      "protocolMappers": [
+        {
+          "name": "bsn",
+          "protocol": "openid-connect",
+          "protocolMapper": "oidc-usermodel-attribute-mapper",
+          "config": {
+            "user.attribute": "bsn",
+            "claim.name": "bsn",
+            "jsonType.label": "String",
+            "id.token.claim": "true",
+            "access.token.claim": "true",
+            "userinfo.token.claim": "true"
+          }
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ],
+  "users": [
+    {
+      "username": "jan-burger",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "firstName": "Jan",
+      "lastName": "Burger",
+      "email": "jan.burger@example.nl",
+      "emailVerified": true,
+      "credentials": [{ "type": "password", "value": "test123", "temporary": false }],
+      "attributes": { "bsn": ["123456782"] }
+    }
+  ]
+}

infra/keycloak/realms/eherkenning-realm.json

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "realm": "eherkenning",
+  "enabled": true,
+  "displayName": "Mock eHerkenning",
+  "clients": [
+    {
+      "clientId": "big-portal",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "publicClient": true,
+      "standardFlowEnabled": true,
+      "directAccessGrantsEnabled": true,
+      "redirectUris": ["*"],
+      "webOrigins": ["*"],
+      "protocolMappers": [
+        {
+          "name": "kvk",
+          "protocol": "openid-connect",
+          "protocolMapper": "oidc-usermodel-attribute-mapper",
+          "config": {
+            "user.attribute": "kvk",
+            "claim.name": "kvk",
+            "jsonType.label": "String",
+            "id.token.claim": "true",
+            "access.token.claim": "true",
+            "userinfo.token.claim": "true"
+          }
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ],
+  "users": [
+    {
+      "username": "acme-ondernemer",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "firstName": "Anita",
+      "lastName": "Ondernemer",
+      "email": "anita@acme.nl",
+      "emailVerified": true,
+      "credentials": [{ "type": "password", "value": "test123", "temporary": false }],
+      "attributes": { "kvk": ["12345678"] }
+    }
+  ]
+}

infra/keycloak/realms/eidas-realm.json

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "realm": "eidas",
+  "enabled": true,
+  "displayName": "Mock eIDAS",
+  "clients": [
+    {
+      "clientId": "big-portal",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "publicClient": true,
+      "standardFlowEnabled": true,
+      "directAccessGrantsEnabled": true,
+      "redirectUris": ["*"],
+      "webOrigins": ["*"],
+      "protocolMappers": [
+        {
+          "name": "eidas_id",
+          "protocol": "openid-connect",
+          "protocolMapper": "oidc-usermodel-attribute-mapper",
+          "config": {
+            "user.attribute": "eidas_id",
+            "claim.name": "eidas_id",
+            "jsonType.label": "String",
+            "id.token.claim": "true",
+            "access.token.claim": "true",
+            "userinfo.token.claim": "true"
+          }
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ],
+  "users": [
+    {
+      "username": "pierre-dupont",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "firstName": "Pierre",
+      "lastName": "Dupont",
+      "email": "pierre.dupont@example.fr",
+      "emailVerified": true,
+      "credentials": [{ "type": "password", "value": "test123", "temporary": false }],
+      "attributes": { "eidas_id": ["FR/NL/AB-1234-5678"] }
+    }
+  ]
+}

infra/keycloak/realms/medewerker-realm.json

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+{
+  "realm": "medewerker",
+  "enabled": true,
+  "displayName": "Medewerkers",
+  "roles": {
+    "realm": [
+      { "name": "behandelaar", "description": "Behandelt registratieaanvragen" },
+      { "name": "teamlead", "description": "Teamleider behandeling" }
+    ]
+  },
+  "clients": [
+    {
+      "clientId": "big-portal",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "publicClient": true,
+      "standardFlowEnabled": true,
+      "directAccessGrantsEnabled": true,
+      "redirectUris": ["*"],
+      "webOrigins": ["*"]
+    }
+  ],
+  "users": [
+    {
+      "username": "merel-behandelaar",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "firstName": "Merel",
+      "lastName": "Behandelaar",
+      "email": "merel@big.example.nl",
+      "emailVerified": true,
+      "credentials": [{ "type": "password", "value": "test123", "temporary": false }],
+      "realmRoles": ["behandelaar"]
+    },
+    {
+      "username": "tom-teamlead",
+      "enabled": true,
+      "firstName": "Tom",
+      "lastName": "Teamlead",
+      "email": "tom@big.example.nl",
+      "emailVerified": true,
+      "credentials": [{ "type": "password", "value": "test123", "temporary": false }],
+      "realmRoles": ["behandelaar", "teamlead"]
+    }
+  ]
+}